New Discoveries on Eukaryotic Transcription Cycle
- Enhancers were found to be at the heart of deciphering contemporary regulatory biology. The discovery of enhancer RNA (eRNA)-producing transcription units as most functional enhancers has profound implications in future understanding of gene regulation, development and disease. (Nature Reviews Genetics, 2016)
- A pioneer factor FoxA was found to displace linker histone H1, thereby keeping enhancer nucleosomes accessible in chromatin and allowing other liver-specific transcription factors to bind and stimulate transcription. This discovery provided new evidence for nucleosomal configuration of open chromatin and the basis for its regulation mechanism. (Molecular Cell, 2016)
- A pooling-based approach was introduced to mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for molecular-level traits. These QTLs not only affect local chromatin and transcription but also influence long-range chromosomal contacts, demonstrating a role for natural genetic variation in chromosomal architecture. The findings of this research suggested that transcription factor (TF) binding variation may play a crucial role in human phenotypic variation. (Cell, 2016)
RNA polymerases
| Abbreviation |
Full Name |
| CPSF |
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor |
| CSTF |
Cleavage stimulation factor |
| DSIF |
DRB sensitivity-inducing factor complex |
| NELF |
Negative elongation factor |
| PAFc |
Polymerase-associated factor complex |
| PAB |
Poly(A) binding protein |
| PAP |
Poly(A) polymerase |
| SECs |
Super elongation complexes |
| TF |
Transcription factor |
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| References |
Wenbo Li, et.al. (2016). Nature Review Genetics. DOI: 10.1038/nrg.2016.4
Makiko Iwafuchi-Doi, et. al. (2016) Molecular Cell. DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.03.001
Ashley K. Tehranchi, et. al. (2016) Cell. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.03.041 |
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