Vimentin, a 57kDa type III intermediate filament, is responsible for architecture of cytoplasm.1 As a popular intracellular epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker, overexpression of vimentin in cancer cells was known for its high correlation with cancer progression. Apart from secretion under some circumstances, vimentin can also be recruited to the cell surface, known as cell surface vimentin (CSV), to participate in cell adhesion, migration and cellular signaling.2
The significance of CSV is related to its involvement in autoimmune disorders, viral infection and cancer. CSV expression on activated marcophages, platelets and apoptotic T lymphocytes evidenced its connection to human neutrophil spontaneous apoptosis further supports its association with inflammatory diseases.3 Being a putative anti-viral drug target, CSV also takes parts in viral multiplication by directly facilitate internalization of virion.4 Recently, breakthroughs on identifying CSV as cancer specific EMT marker, in association with metastatic phenotypes in aggressive cancer and sarcoma, has made an impact on cancer research community. Because unlike intracellular vimentin, the cell surface detection of CSV enables the isolation of cancer cells.5,6,7
Abnova obtains worldwide exclusive license of the patented CSV monoclonal antibody, clone 84-1, from MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States. This antibody has been validated for its intended use in majorities of cancer cell lines by both immunofluoresence and flow cytometry.8 As a sole provider for this powerful tool, Abnova hopes to propel the investigations on cancer research with specificity and broad applicability.
CSV monoclonal antibody, clone 84-1
H00007431-M08
CSV Expression in Different Cell Lines8
| Cell Line |
CSV |
Cell Line |
CSV |
Cell Line |
CSV |
| Breast |
|
Bone |
|
Liver |
|
| MCF-7 (H) |
+ |
OS-25 (H) |
++ |
AMC14 (M) |
++ |
| SKBR3 (H) |
+ |
HOS (H) |
++ |
Colon |
|
| MDA-MB-231 (H) |
+ |
MG-263 (H) |
++ |
DLD-1 (H) |
++ |
| MDA-MB-453 (H) |
+ |
LM7 (H) |
+ |
GEO (H) |
++ |
| MDA-MB-458 (H) |
++ |
SAOS-2 (H) |
+ |
OS-187 (H) |
++ |
| 4T1 (M) |
+ |
OS25 (H) |
+ |
SW620 (H) |
+ |
| Brain |
|
OS-O (H) |
++ |
SW480 (H) |
+ |
| SKNAS (H) |
++ |
OS-D (H) |
+ |
HCT-116 (H) |
+ |
| SKNBE2 (H) |
+++ |
U2OS (H) |
+ |
HT-29 (H) |
++ |
| NGP (H) |
+ |
CCH-OSD (H) |
+ |
Caco-2 (H) |
+ |
| SH-SY5Y (H) |
++ |
K7 (M) |
++ |
CT-26 (M) |
+ |
| LAN5 (H) |
++ |
K7M2 (M) |
+++ |
Pancreas |
|
| KCN (H) |
+ |
DUNN (M) |
+ |
PANC-1 (H) |
++ |
| DBT (M) |
+ |
LM8 (M) |
+++ |
MiaPACA-2 (H) |
+ |
| U251 (H) |
+ |
OST-DL-391 |
+ |
Other |
|
| Bladder |
|
OST-DL-393 |
+ |
FBL3 (M) |
+++ |
| RT4V6 (H) |
+ |
OST-DL-396a |
++ |
SCCVII (M) |
+ |
| T24 (H) |
++ |
|
|
|
|
Flow Cytometry Using CSV monoclonal antibody, clone 84-1 (H00007431-M08)
 |
CSV Expression in Cancer Cell Lines
Immunological assessment of CSV in various cancer cell lines and normal cell lines using flow cytometry in
which only cancer cells, including GEO (colorectal cancer), MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) and PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer) can be detected by CSV, 84-1.6 |
 |
CSV Expression in Sarcoma Cell Lines
Immunological assessment of CSV in various cancer cell lines and normal cell lines using flow cytometry in
which only cancer cells, including SKNBE-2 (neuroblastoma), RH-41 (rhabdomyosarcoma) and LM7 (osteosarcoma) can be detected by CSV, 84-1.5 |
 |
Sorting of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells (HCC)
Stem-cell liked cancer cell populations, csVim+ CD133- and csVim- CD133+, were isolated and sorted into sub-G1, G1, S and G2 phases from primary HCC using CSV, 84-1.7 |
Immunofluorescence Using CSV monoclonal antibody, clone 84-1 (H00007431-M08)
 |
Analysis of CSV-specific 84-1 monoclonal antibody
Cell surface staining of CSV in LM7 (osteosarcoma) cancer cell line using confocal microscopy. Cells were stained for CSV (green), WGA (red) and nucleus DRAQ5 (blue). CSV monoclonal antibody 84-1 co-localized with WGA indicated cell surface vimentin.5 |
 |
Detection of CSV in HPC-1-derived Spheres on Geltrex-coated Wells
Vimentin (green) was detected at the periphery of 3-dimensional HPC-derived sphere model. Since cells at periphery were more aggressive, the invasivephenotype correlated with increase nuclear accumulation of β-catenin (red).6 |
 |
Detection of CSV on Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
Circulating tumor cells derived from colorectal cancer patients were stained for nucelus (blue), cell surface vimentin (green) and specific EMT biomarkers (red), including FOXC2, TWIST-2, SNAIL, SLUG, EpCAM and E-cadherin.6 |
| References |
1. Mitra, A. and Li, S. (2014). J Cancer Prev Curr Res. DOI: 10.15406/jcpcr.2014.01.00014
2. Satelli, A. and Li, S. (2011). Cell Mol Life Sci. DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0735-1
3. Moisan, E. and Girard, D. (2005). JLB. DOI:10.1189/jlb.0405190
4. Yu, YT., et. al. (2016). Journal of Biomedical Science. DOI: 10.1186/s12929-016-0234-7
5. Satelli A., et al. (2014). Cancer Research. DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-1739.
6. Satelli A., et al. (2014). Clinical Cancer Research. DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-0894.
7. Mitra, A., et al. (2015). IJC. DOI:10.1002/ijc.29382.
8. Satelli A. (2014). WIPO. WO 2014/138183 A1. |
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